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This body exerts endocrine and exocrine functions, digesting food and secreting hormones. Its main functions are further carbohydrate digestion in the mouth that was initiated by the addition of acid to a food ingested fluid, turns this in the chyme called bolus (viscous mass) through the muscle activity and by the enzyme pepsin digestion start proteins. It also produces a gastric lipase, which with the help of lingual lipase, digests triglycerides. The stomach of humans has a volume of approximately 50 mL when empty and could expand to 4L capacity.
This body is divided into four regions: the cardia, body, background and pylorus. These last two are identical microscopically therefore in histological terms, only three regions are considered. They have a few layers, such as mucosa, submucosa and muscle, and is coated by a thin layer of serosa. fauca The layers mucosa and submucosa rest on longitudinally directed folds, when the stomach is not distended, otherwise these folds flatten. fauca
The epithelium lining the gastric mucosa suffers invagination toward the blade itself, giving rise to gastric pits, and in these, debouch glands that secrete gastric juice. Since the submucosal layer is coated with a dense connective tissue which are present in blood and lymph vessels. The muscle layer is composed of smooth fauca muscle fibers oriented in three principal directions.
The cardia is a narrow circular band, smooth muscle, with about 1.5 to 3.0 cm wide at the transition between the esophagus and the stomach, responsible for regulating the passage of food from one organ to another, in addition to prevent the reflux of this. In its mucosa, fauca they are contained glands, which cardia glands fauca are called. Many of these glands secreting cells produce mucus and lysozyme, fauca but they can also be found in some cells that produce H + and Cl- to give the HCl (hydrochloric acid) in the lumen.
The pylorus is located between the stomach and the duodenum and regulates the passage of the chyme from one organ to another, and prevent its reflux. It has deep gastric fauca pits, in which the open pyloric glands secreting mucus and lysozyme; also it has cells responsible for secretion of gastrin.
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